期刊名称: |
Applied Energy |
全部作者: |
Tu Wei*,Paolo Santi,Zhao Tianhong,He Xiaoyi,Li Qingquan,Dong Lei,Timothy J. Wallington,Carlo Ratti |
出版年份: |
2019 |
卷 号: |
250 |
期 号: |
|
页 码: |
147-160 |
查看全本: |
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The acceptability, energy consumption, and environmental benefits of electric vehicles are highly dependent on
travel patterns. With increasing ride-hailing popularity in mega-cities, urban mobility patterns are greatly
changing; therefore, an investigation of the extent to which electric vehicles would satisfy the needs of ridehailing
drivers becomes important to support sustainable urban growth. A first step in this direction is reported
here. GPS-trajectories of 144,867 drivers over 104 million km in Beijing were used to quantify the potential
acceptability, energy consumption, and costs of ride-hailing electric vehicle fleets. Average daily travel distance
and travel time for ride-hailing drivers was determined to be 129.4 km and 5.7 h; these values are substantially
larger than those for household drivers (40.0 km and 1.5 h). Assuming slow level-1 (1.8 KW) or moderate level-2
(7.2 KW) charging is available at all home parking locations, battery electric vehicles with 200 km all electric
range (BEV200) could be used by up to 47% or 78% of ride-hailing drivers and electrify up to 20% or 55% of
total distance driven by the ride-hailing fleet. With level-2 charging available at home, work, and public parking,
the acceptance ceiling increases to up to 91% of drivers and 80% of distance. Our study suggests that long range
BEVs and widespread level-2 charging infrastructure are needed for large-scale electrification of ride-hailing
mobility in Beijing. The marginal benefits of increased all electric range, effects on charging infrastructure
distribution, and payback times are also presented and discussed. Given the observed heterogeneity of ridehailing
vehicle travel, our study outlines the importance of individual-level analysis to understand the electrification
potential and future benefits of electric vehicles in the era of shared smart transportation.